Cross Country (Nordic) Skiing / Olympic Games

Esquí de Fondo / Juegos Olímpicos

MEN / HOMBRES

As a consequence of the introduction of the skating technique by Bill Koch early in 1982, there have been two significant changes in men's and women's cross country racing since the end of the 1984 Winter Games in Sarajevo. First, the classical and freestyle techniques were designated for specific events beginning in 1988, and the Pursuit race was introduced in 1992. Since 1988 cross country events have been limited to one of two styles of skiing - Classical in which the skis remain diagonal and Freestyle in which there are no restrictions thus enabling use of a skating technique. Races are held on a "time trial" basis except for relays (which have a mass start), cross country freestyle sprint races (which are head-to-head) or where otherwise indicated.

Tras la disputa de los Juegos de Sarajevo en 1984 y como consecuencia de la introducción de la técnica de patinaje por parte de Bill Koch en 1982, ha habido importantes cambios en el esquí de fondo; primero se designaron técnicas específicas para cada prueba a partir de 1988  y en 1992 se introdujo la carrera de Persecución. Desde 1988 las pruebas han sido limitadas a uno de los dos estilos: clásico, en el que los esquís van siempre paralelos el uno al otro; y estilo libre, en el que no hay restricciones y se puede usar por tanto la técnica del patinaje. Las carreras son generalmente contra reloj, salvo en los relevos, el 1´5 km esprint estilo libre (introducido en el 2002) y en los 30 km estilo libre en el 2002.

I Chamonix 1924

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Thorleif Haug NOR 1h14:31 Johan Grøttumsbråten NOR 1h15:51 Tapani Niku FIN 1h16:26
50 km CL Thorleif Haug NOR 3h44:32 Thoralf Strømstad NOR 3h46:23 Johan Grøttumsbråten NOR 3h47:46

II St. Moritz 1928

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Johan Grøttumsbråten NOR 1h37:01 Ole Hegge NOR 1h39:01 Reidar Ødegaard NOR 1h40:11
50 km CL Per-Erik Hedlund SWE 4h52:03 Gustaf Jonsson SWE 5h05:30 Volger Andersson SWE 5h05:46

III Lake Placid 1932

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Sven Utterström SWE 1h23:07 Axel Wikström SWE 1h25:07 Veli Saarinen FIN 1h25:24
50 km CL Veli Saarinen FIN 4h28:00 Väinö Liikkanen FIN 4h28:20 Arne Rustadstuen NOR 4h31:53

IV Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Erik Larsson SWE 1h14:38 Oddbjørn Hagen NOR 1h15:33 Pekka Niemi FIN 1h16:59
50 km CL Elis Wiklund SWE 3h30:11 Axel Wikström SWE 3h33:20 Nils Englund SWE 3h34:10
4x10 km Relay

Sulo Nurmela, Klaes Karppinen, Matti Lähde, Kalle Jalkanen

 FIN 2h41:33

Oddbjørn Hagen, Olaf Hoffsbakken, Sverre Brodahl, Bjarne Iversen

 NOR 2h41:39 John Berger, Erik Larsson, Arthur Häggblad, Martin Matsbo SWE 2h43:03

V St. Moritz 1948

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Martin Lundström SWE 1h13:50 Nils Östensson SWE 1h14:22 Gunnar Eriksson SWE 1h16:06
50 km CL Nils Karlsson SWE 3h47:48 Harald Eriksson SWE 3h52:20 Benjam Vanninen FIN 3h57:28
4x10 km Relay Nils Östensson, Nils Täpp, Gunnar Eriksson, Martin Lundström SWE 2h32:08 Lauri Silvennoinen, Jari Laukkanen, Sauli Rytky, August Kiuru FIN 2h41:06 Erling Evensen, Olav N Økern, Reidar Nyborg, Olav I Hagen NOR 2h44:33

VI Oslo 1952

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
18 km CL Hallgeir Brenden NOR 1h01:34 Tapio Mäkelä FIN 1h02:09 Paavo Lonkila FIN 1h02:20
50 km CL Veikko Hakulinen FIN 3h33:33 Eero Kolehmainen FIN 3h38:11 Magnar Estenstad NOR 3h38:28
4x10 km Relay Heikki Hasu, Paavo Lonkila, Urpo Korhonen, Tapio Mäkelä FIN 2h20:16 Magnar Estenstad, Mikal Kirkholt, Martin Stokken, Hallgeir Brenden NOR 2h23:13 Nils Täpp, Sigurd Andersson, Enar Josefsson, Martin Lundström SWE 2h24:13

VII Cortina d´Ampezzo 1956

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Hallgeir Brenden NOR 49:39 Sixten Jernberg SWE 50:14 Pavel Kolchin URS 50:17
30 km CL Veikko Hakulinen FIN 1h44:06 Sixten Jernberg SWE 1h44:30 Pavel Kolchin URS 1h45:45
50 km CL Sixten Jernberg SWE 2h50:27 Veikko Hakulinen FIN 2h51:45 Fyodor Terentyev URS 2h53:32
4x10 km Relay Fyodor Terentyev, Pavel Kolchin, Nikolay Anikin, Vladimir Kuzin URS 2h15:30 August Kiuru, Jorma Kortelainen, Arvo Viitanen, Veikko Hakulinen FIN 2h16:31 Lennart Larsson, Gunnar Samuelsson, Per-Erik Larsson, Sixten Jernberg SWE 2h17:42

VIII Squaw Valley 1960

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Håkon Brusveen NOR 51:55.5 Sixten Jernberg SWE 51:58.6 Veikko Hakulinen FIN 52:03.0
30 km CL Sixten Jernberg SWE 1h51:03.9 Rolf Rämgård SWE 1h51:16.9 Nikolay Anikin URS 1h52:28.2
50 km CL Kalevi Hämäläinen FIN 2h59:06.3 Veikko Hakulinen FIN 2h59:26.7 Rolf Rämgård SWE 3h02:46.7
4x10 km Relay Toimi Alatalo, Eero Mäntyranta, Väinö Huhtala, Veikko Hakulinen FIN 2h18:45.6

Harald Grønningen, Hallgeir Brenden, Einar Østby, Håkon Brusveen

 		 NOR 2h18:46.4 Anatoly Shelyukhin, Gennady Vaganov, Aleksey Kuznetsov, Nikolay Anikin URS 2h21:21.6

IX Innsbruck 1964

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Eero Mäntyranta FIN 50:54.1 Harald Grønningen NOR 51:34.8 Sixten Jernberg SWE 51:42.2
30 km CL Eero Mäntyranta FIN 1h30:50.7 Harald Grønningen NOR 1h32:02.3 Igor Voronchikin URS 1h32:15.8
50 km CL Sixten Jernberg SWE 2h43:52.6 Assar Rönnlund SWE 2h44:58.2 Arto Tiainen FIN 2h45:30.4
4x10 km Relay Karl-Åke Asph, Sixten Jernberg, Janne Stefansson, Assar Rönnlund SWE 2h18:34.6 Väinö Huhtala, Arto Tiainen, Kalevi Laurila, Eero Mäntyranta FIN 2h18:42.4 Ivan Utrobin, Gennady Vaganov, Igor Voronchikin, Pavel Kolchin URS 2h18:46.9

X Grenoble 1968

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Harald Grønningen NOR 47:54.2 Eero Mäntyränta FIN 47:56.1 Gunnar Larsson SWE 48:33.7
30 km CL Franco Nones ITA 1h35:39.2 Odd Martinsen NOR 1h36:28.9 Eero Mäntyränta FIN 1h36:55.3
50 km CL Ole Ellefsæter NOR 2h28:45.8 Vyacheslav Vedenin URS 2h29:02.5 Josef Haas SUI 2h29:14.8
4x10 km Relay Odd Martinsen, Pål Tyldum, Harald Grønningen, Ole Ellefsæter NOR 2h08:33.5 Jan Halvarsson, Bjarne Andersson, Gunnar Larsson, Assar Rönnlund SWE 2h10:13.2 Kalevi Oikarainen, Hannu Taipale, Kalevi Laurila, Eero Mäntyränta FIN 2h10:56.7

XI Sapporo 1972

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Sven-Åke Lundbäck SWE 45:28.24 Fyodor Simachov URS 46:00.84 Ivar Formo NOR 46:02.68
30 km CL Yyacheslav Vedenin URS 1h36:31.15 Pål Tyldum NOR 1h37:25.30 Johs Harviken NOR 1h37:32.44
50 km CL Pål Tyldum NOR 2h43:14.75 Magne Myrmo NOR 2h43:29.45 Yyacheslav Vedenin URS 2h44:00.19
4x10 km Relay Vladimir Voronkov, Yuri Skobov, Fyodor Simachov, Vyacheslav Vedenin URS 2h04:47.94 Oddvar Brå, Pål Tyldum, Ivar Formo, Johs Harviken NOR 2h04:57.06 Alfred Kälin, Albert Giger, Alois Kälin, Eduard Hauser SUI 2h07:00.06

XII Innsbruck 1976

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Nikolay Bazhukov URS 43:58.47 Yevgeniy Belyayev URS 44:01.10 Arto Koivisto FIN 44:19.25
30 km CL Sergey Savelyev URS 1h30:29.38 Bill Koch USA 1h30:57.84 Ivan Garanin URS 1h31:09.29
50 km CL Ivar Formo NOR 2h37:30.05 Gert-Dietmar Klause GDR 2h38:13.21 Benny Södergren SWE 2h39:39.21
4x10 km Relay Matti Pitkänen, Juha Mieto, Pertti Teurajärvi, Arto Koivisto FIN 2h07:59.72 Pål Tyldum, Einar Sagstuen, Ivar Formo, Odd Martinsen NOR 2h09:58.36 Yevgeniy Belyayev, Nikolay Bazhukov, Sergey Savelyev, Ivan Garanin URS 2h10:51.46

XIII Lake Placid 1980

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Thomas Wassberg SWE 41:57.63 Juha Mieto FIN 41:57.64 Ove Aunli NOR 42:28.62
30 km CL Nikolay Zimyatov URS 1h27:02.80 Vasily Rochev URS 1h27:34.22 Ivan Lebanov BUL 1h28:03.87
50 km CL Nikolay Zimyatov URS 2h27:24.60 Juha Mieto FIN 2h30:20.52 Aleksandr Savyalov URS 2h30:51.52
4x10 km Relay Vasily Rochev, Nikolay Bazhukov, Yevgeniy Belyayev, Nikolay Zimyatov URS 1h57:03.46 Lars-Erik Eriksen, Per Knut Aaland, Ove Aunli, Oddvar Brå NOR 1h58:45.77 Harri Kirvesniemi, Pertti Teurajärvi, Matti Pitkänen, Juha Mieto FIN 2h00:00.18

XIV Sarajevo 1984

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Gunde Svan SWE 41:25.6 Aki Karvonen FIN 41:34.9 Harri Kirvesniemi FIN 41:45.6
30 km CL Nikolay Zimyatov URS 1h28:56.3 Aleksandr Zavyalov URS 1h29:23.3 Gunde Svan SWE 1h29:35.7
50 km CL Thomas Wassberg SWE 2h15:55.8 Gunde Svan SWE 2h16:00.7 Aki Karvonen FIN 2h17:04.7
4x10 km Relay Thomas Wassberg, Benny Tord Kohlberg, Jan Ottosson, Gunde Svan SWE 1h55:06.3 Aleksandr Batiuk, Aleksandr Zavyalov, Vladimir Nikitine, Nikolay Zimyatov URS 1h55:16.5 Kari Ristanen, Juha Mieto, Harri Kirvesniemi, Aki Karvonen FIN 1h56:31.4

XV Calgary 1988

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
15 km CL Mikhail Devyatyarov  URS 41:18.9 Pål Gunnar Mikkelsplass  NOR 41:33.4 Vladimir Smirnov  URS 41:48.5
30 km CL Aleksey Prokourorov  URS 1h24:26.3 Vladimir Smirnov  URS 1h24:35.1 Vegard Ulvang  NOR 1h25:11.6
50 km FS Gunde Svan  SWE 2h04:30.9 Maurilio De Zolt  ITA 2h05:36.4 Andy Grünenfelder  SUI 2h06:01.9
4x10 km Relay Jan Ottosson, Thomas Wassberg, Gunde Svan, Torgny Mogren SWE 1h43:58.6 Vladimir Smirnov, Vladimir Sakhnov, Mikhail Devyatyarov, Alexei Prokourorov URS 1h44:11.3 Radim Nyc, Vaclav Korunka, Pavel Benc, Ladislav Svanda TCH 1h45:22.7

XVI Albertville 1992

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
10 km CL Vegard Ulvang NOR 27:36.0 Marco Albarello ITA 27:55.6 Christer Majbäck SWE 27:56.4
10+15 km CP Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h05:37.9 Vegard Ulvang NOR 1h06:31.3 Giorgio Vanzetta ITA 1h06:32.2
30 km CL Vegard Ulvang NOR 1h22:27.8 Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h23:14.0 Terje Langli NOR 1h23:42.5
50 km FS Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 2h03:41.5 Maurilio de Zolt ITA 2h04:39.1 Giorgio Vanzetta ITA 2h06:42.1
4x10 km Relay Terje Langli, Vegard Ulvang, Kristen Skjeldal, Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h39:26.0 Giuseppe Pulie, Marco Albarello, Giorgio Vanzetta, Silvio Fauner ITA 1h40:52.7 Mika Kuusisto, Harri Kirvesniemi, Jari Räsänen, Jari Isometsä FIN 1h41:22.9

XVII Lillehammer 1994

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
10 km CL Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 24:20.1 Vladimir Smirnov KAZ 24:38.3 Marco Albarello ITA 24:42.3
10+15 km CP Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h00:08.8 Vladimir Smirnov KAZ 1h00:38.0 Silvio Fauner ITA 1h01:48.6
30 km FS Thomas Alsgaard NOR 1h12:26.4 Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h13:13.6 Mika Myllylä FIN 1h14:14.5
50 km CL Vladimir Smirnov KAZ 2h07:20.3 Mika Myllylä FIN 2h08:41.4 Sture Sivertsen NOR 2h08:49.0
4x10 km Relay Maurilio De Zolt, Marco Albarello, Giorgio Vanzetta, Silvio Fauner ITA 1h41:15.0 Sture Sivertsen, Vegard Ulvang, Thomas Alsgaard, Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h41:15.4 Mika Myllylä, Harri Kirvesniemi, Jari Räsänen, Jari Isometsä FIN 1h42.15.6

XVIII Nagano 1998

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
10 km CL Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 27:24.5 Markus Gandler AUT 27:32.5 Mika Myllylä FIN 27:40.1
10+15 km CP Thomas Alsgaard NOR 1h07:01.7 Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 1h07:02.8 Vladimir Smirnov KAZ 1h07:32.5
30 km CL Mika Myllylä FIN 1h33:55.8 Erling Jevne NOR 1h35:27.1 Silvio Fauner ITA 1h36:08.5
50 km FS Bjørn Dæhlie NOR 2h05:08.2  Niklas Jonsson SWE 2h05:16.3 Christian Hoffmann AUT 2h06:01.8
4x10 km Relay Sture Sivertsen, Erling Jevne, Bjørn Dæhlie, Thomas Alsgaard NOR 1h40:55.7  Marco Albarello, Fulvio Valbusa, Fabio Maj, Silvio Fauner ITA 1h40:55.9 Harri Kirvesniemi, Mika Myllylä, Sami Repo, Jari Isometsä FIN 1h42:15.5

XIX Salt Lake City 2002

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
1.5 km sprint Tor Arne Hetland NOR 2:56.9 Peter Schlickenrieder GER 2:57.0 Cristian Zorzi ITA 2:57.2
15 km CL Andrus Veerpalu EST 37:07.4 Frode Estil NOR 37:43.4 Jaak Mae EST 37:50.8
10+10 km CP *Thomas Alsgaard (NOR) & Frode Estil (NOR) 49:48.9 - - - Per Elofsson SWE 49:52.9
30 km FS (Ms) *Christian Hoffmann AUT 1h11:31.0 Mikhail Botwinow AUT 1h11:32.3 Kristen Skjeldal NOR 1h11:42.7
50 km CL *Mikhail Ivanov RUS 2h06:20.8 Andrus Veerpalu EST 2h06:44.5 Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset NOR 2h08:41.5
4x10 km Relay Anders Aukland, Frode Estil, Kristen Skjeldal, Thomas Alsgaard NOR 1h32:45.5 Fabio Maj, Giorgio di Centa, Pietro Piller Cottrer, Cristian Zorzi ITA 1h32:45.8 Jens Filbrich, Andreas Schlütter, Tobias Angerer, René Sommerfeldt GER 1h33:34.5
Combined Pursuit: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 49:20.4 failed drug test and was disqualified by the IOC in February 2004.
30 km: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 1h09:28.9 failed drug test and was disqualified by the IOC in February 2004.
50 km: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 2h06:05.9 was disqualified after blood tests indicated the use of darbepoetin.
Persecución Combinada: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 49:20.4 dio positivo y fue descalificado por el COI en febrero de 2004.
30 km: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 1h09:28.9 dio positivo y fue descalificado por el COI en febrero de 2004.
50 km: 1. Johann Mühlegg (ESP) 2h06:05.9 fue descalificado tras dar positivo por darbepoetina en el control antidóping.

XX Torino 2006

Event Gold / Oro CNT Time Silver / Plata CNT Time Bronze / Bronce CNT Time
1.5 km Sprint Bjoern Lind SWE 2:26.5 Roddy Darragon FRA 2:27.1 Thobias Fredriksson SWE 2:27.8
Team Sprint Thobias Fredriksson, Bjoern Lind SWE 17:02.9 Jens Arne Svartedal, Tor Arne Hetland NOR 17:03.5 Ivan Alypov, Vassili Rotchev RUS 17:05.2
15 km CL Andrus Veerpalu EST 38:01.3 Lukas Bauer CZE 38:15.8 Tobias Angerer GER 38:20.5
15+15 km CP Eugeni Dementiev RUS 1h17:00.8 Frode Estil NOR 1h17:01.4 Pietro Cottrer Piller ITA 1h17:01.7
50 km FS (Ms) Giorgio di Centa ITA 2h06:11.8 Eugeni Dementiev RUS 2h06:12.6 Mikhail Botwinow AUT 2h06:12.7
4x10 km Relay Fulvio Valbusa, Giorgio di Centa, Pietro Piller Cottrer, Cristian Zorzi ITA 1h43:45.7 Andreas Schlütter, Jens Filbrich, René Sommerfeldt, Tobias Angerer GER 1h44:01.4 Mats Larsson, Johan Olsson, Anders Soedergren, Mathias Fredriksson SWE 1h44:01.7
Legend / Leyenda
Relay / Relevo: Freestyle in 1988. Since 1992 two skiers use classical technique and two freestyle. / Estilo libre en 1988; desde 1992 dos relevistas esquían en estilo clásico y los otros dos en estilo libre.
FS: Freestyle / Estilo Libre
CL: Classical Style / Estilo Clásico
CP: Combined Pursuit (classical + freestyle) / Persecución Combinada (estilo clásico + estilo libre)
(Ms): Mass Start / Salida en Masa

Statistics / Estadísticas

Olympic Games Gold Medal Table (1924-2006)
Medallas de oro de los Juegos Olímpicos (1924-2006)
Ps. Country CNT GD SV BZ Tot
1. Norway

NOR

27

25

13

65
2. Sweden

SWE

20

13

15

48
3. Finland

FIN

11

13

19

43
4. Soviet Union

URS

11

8

12

31
5. Italy

ITA

4

6

7

17
6. Estonia

EST

2

1

1

4
7. Russia

RUS

2

1

1

4
8. Austria

AUT

1

2

2

5
9. Kazakhstan

KAZ

1

2

1

4
10. Germany

GER

0

2

2

4
11. Czech Republic

CZE

0

1

0

1
. France

FRA

0

1

0

1
. East Germany

GDR

0

1

0

1
. United States

USA

0

1

0

1
15. Switzerland

SUI

0

0

3

3
16. Bulgaria

BUL

0

0

1

1
. Czechoslovakia

TCH

0

0

1

1
 
17 Total  

79

77

78

234
Medal table (athletes) / Medallero (atletas)
Abbreviations / Abreviaturas: 10, 30, 50: 10, 30, 50 km; SP: Sprint; CP: Combined Pursuit; RL: Relay
Pos Nombre G S B  
1. Bjorn Dählie, NOR 8 4 - 92: CP-50-RL; 94: 15-CP; 98: 15-50-RL / 92: 30; 94: 30-RL; 98: CP / None
2. Sixten Jernberg, SWE 4 3 2 56: 50; 60: 30; 64: 50-RL / 56: 15-30; 60: 15; 64: CP / 56: RL; 64: 15
3. Thomas Alsgaard, NOR 4 2 - 94: 30; 98: CP-RL; 02: RL / 94: RL; 02: CP= / None
4. Gunde Svan, SWE 4 1 1 84: 15-RL; 88: 50-RL / 84: 50 / 84: 30
5. Nikolai Zimyatov, URS 4 1 - 80: 30-50-RL; 84: 30 / 84: RL / None
6. Thomas Wassberg, SWE 4 - - 80: 15; 84: 50-RL; 88: RL / None / None
7. Veikko Hakulinen, FIN 3 3 1 52: 50; 56: 30; 60: RL / 56: 50-RL; 60: 50 / 60: 15
8. Eero Mäntyranta, FIN 3 2 2 60: RL; 64: 15-30 / 64: RL; 68: 15 / 68: 30-RL
9. Vegard Ulvang, NOR 3 2 1 92: 15-30-RL / 92: CP; 94: RL / 88: 30

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